沉默信息调节因子过表达或谷氨酰胺剥夺对肾透明细胞癌细胞凋亡、增殖的影响

背景与目的：肾透明细胞癌（clear cell renal cell carcinoma，ccRCC）是最常见的肾癌类型，它与代谢密切相关。探讨沉默信息调节因子4（silent information regulator 4，SIRT4）过表达或谷氨酰胺（glutamine，Gln）剥夺对ccRCC细胞增殖、凋亡的影响。方法：慢病毒构建SIRT4和突变体H161Y过表达的Caki-2细胞株，利用无Gln的培养基来构建Gln剥夺模型，并通过体外增殖活力实验［细胞计数试剂盒-8（cell counting kit-8，CCK-8）］和克隆形成实验来分析两者对Caki-2细胞增殖和生长能力的影响；利用DCFH-DA荧光探针检测细胞内活性氧自由基（reactive oxygen species，ROS）水平进而评估Gln代谢对细胞ROS含量的影响；进一步通过线粒体膜电位检测、凋亡检测和蛋白质印迹法（Western blot）检测凋亡相关分子，分析SIRT4过表达以及Gln剥夺对Caki-2细胞凋亡的影响。结果：过表达SIRT4可抑制Gln代谢从而抑制Caki-2细胞增殖，另外还原性物质还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phostate，NADPH）的生成减少能够增加细胞内ROS含量，促进细胞凋亡。而Gln剥夺抑制细胞增殖和促进细胞凋亡的效果均比过表达SIRT4明显，但长期缺乏Gln将导致细胞无法生长。结论：无论是过表达SIRT4还是Gln剥夺均能抑制ccRCC细胞增殖，促进凋亡。     

lncRNA-LINC00473在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的:分析LINC00473在胃癌中的表达情况、临床意义及对人胃癌细胞增殖水平的影响。方法:利用癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)数据库下载胃腺癌相关数据集，分析肿瘤组织与正常组织之间LINC00473的表达差异；利用 Kaplan-Meier 曲线进行患者生存分析；MTT方法检测胃癌细胞增殖水平、流式细胞术检测凋亡率的改变。结果:与癌旁组织比较，LINC00473在胃癌组织中的表达明显增加，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；生存分析发现，LINC00473表达与胃癌患者OS和DFS时间相关，LINC00473高表达的胃癌患者，OS和DFS时间明显缩短（P＜0.05）。转染LINC00473 siRNA至胃癌细胞后，结果发现与阴性质粒转染组比较:转染siRNA-LINC00473的胃癌细胞，LINC00473 表达明显降低；LINC00473表达下调后细胞增殖水平减慢，凋亡率增加。结论:LINC00473是一个新的胃癌生物标记物，可作为潜在的治疗新靶点。     

不同产地细辛中主要有效成分含量测定与比较

目的研究47份不同来源、不同表型正品细辛样品的有效成分含量,评价正品细辛样品的质量,揭示有效成分形成与遗传和地域的关系,为细辛优良品种选育与开发利用提供理论依据。方法冷凝回流法提取挥发油、乙醇热浸法提取醇溶性浸出物,HPLC法测定细辛脂素含量、气质联用(GC-MS)分析挥发油组分,组间联接法进行聚类分析。结果 47份细辛样品挥发油量0.81%～3.32%。有5份样品挥发油量超过3.0%。醇溶性浸出物量为9.87%～29.40%,含量超过20%的样品占总数的63.8%。细辛脂素质量分数为0.118%～0.424%,有26份样品细辛脂素质量分数超过0.25%;47份细辛挥发油可分离出的化合物种类48～77种,化合物种类和含量有较大差异。基于有效成分的聚类分析将不同来源地、不同表型的细辛分为10类,聚类方式基本是按照来源地为基础进行聚类,同一来源地的汉城细辛和北细辛聚在一类中。结论在同一栽培环境和条件下,不同来源地、不同植物学表型的样品个体间有效成分含量间存在差异,新品种选育时可依照植物表型选择优良育种材料。大部分样品聚类与来源地域有关而与植物表型以及植物学分类无关。     

局部晚期食管鳞癌新辅助放疗剂量与病理完全缓解关系分析

目的 探讨接受新辅助放化疗的局部晚期食管鳞癌患者新辅助放疗剂量与病理完全缓解(pCR)的关系。方法 收集2017-2019年间在四川大学华西医院肿瘤中心经病理确诊为食管鳞癌并接受新辅助放化疗和手术的 116例局部晚期患者临床资料。116例患者中 40~45Gy组 80例,≥45Gy组 36例,分析两组术后pCR率。结果 全组患者的pCR率为38.8%(45/116),40~45Gy组与≥45Gy组的pCR率分别为44%(35/80)和28%(10/36)(P=0.105)。结论 术前新辅助采用较高的放疗剂量不增加局部晚期食管鳞癌的pCR率,有必要进行前瞻性的临床研究确定合适的新辅助放疗剂量。     

直肠癌患者组蛋白甲基转移酶hSETD1A表达水平的临床预后价值

背景与目的:组蛋白修饰是非常重要的表观遗传修饰形式,组蛋白甲基化修饰酶基因的异常表达与多种疾病及癌症的发生、发展有关。探讨直肠癌患者肿瘤组织的组蛋白甲基转移酶hSETD1A表达水平与临床预后的相关性。方法:选取2012年1月-2014年6月福建省肿瘤医院有详细临床资料和预后随访信息的直肠癌患者肿瘤组织切除标本141例及癌旁组织标本50例。采用免疫组织化学法检测h SETD1A的表达情况,分析其与直肠癌临床病理学特征(年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、T分期、淋巴结转移、神经累及等参数)及预后的关系。结果:肿瘤组织中h SETD1A的阳性表达率明显高于癌旁组织(75.2%vs26.0%,P<0.001)。此外,其阳性率的高低还与患者性别及肿瘤分化程度的不同相关(P=0.009)。而与年龄、肿瘤大小、T分期、淋巴结转移、TNM分期、神经累及、脉管癌栓、血清癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic antigen,CEA)及CA19-9水平无关。生存分析结果显示,h SETD1A阳性组的5年生存率明显低于h SETD1A阴性组(64.4%vs 76.5%,P=0.036)。多因素COX回归分析显示,h SETD1A表达和T分期、淋巴结转移状况(N分期)是直肠癌的独立预后因素。结论:肿瘤组织hSETD1A的表达水平与直肠癌患者的预后密切相关。     

A randomized,double-blind,controlled clinical trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of an intranasally administered trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine with adjuvant LTh(αK): A phase I study

Background

A nasal influenza vaccine has been available only in a live attenuated form, which limits the range of recipients to immune-competent individuals. The present study evaluated a newly developed intranasal inactivated influenza vaccine with a novel adjuvant, heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) derived from E. coli (LTh(αK)).

Association Between Serum C-Reactive Protein Concentration and Nutritional Status of Malignant Tumor Patients

Background: The level of the systemic inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) is elevated in many patients with malignant disease and may be related to nutritional status.

Objective: To analyze the association between serum CRP levels in patients with malignant tumors and their nutritional status.

Method: A total of 3,692 cases were analyzed and the serum CRP levels were determined using an immunometric assay. Nutritional status was assessed by using patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA). The biochemical evaluation of prealbumin (PA), albumin (ALB), cholesterol (CHOL), and triglycerides (TG) were assayed within 48?h admission to the hospital. The association between serum CRP concentration and the nutritional status, the stage of the tumor and other factors was analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Result: Elevated serum CRP was observed in 47.6% (1,548/3,269) of patients compared with the reference value, and the median CRP concentration was 18.29?mg/l. Patient serum CRP concentrations in the malnourished group (PG-SGA B?+?C) were higher than in the well-nourished (PG-SGA A) patients (P?<?0.05). The serum CRP level was related to the patients' age, gender, tumor stage, and was affected by hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, diabetes, but it has no effect on hypertension. The CRP high patients had lower PA and ALB levels, lower Karnofsky performance status scores, and higher PG-SGA scores (P?<?0.05), and there was no relationship with CHOL and TG levels. Weight loss in the previous 1?mo was seen with CRP positive patients (P?<?0.05).

Conclusion: Almost 50% of malignant tumor patients had elevated serum CRP levels indicating a systemic inflammatory state. The nutritional status was worse in cancer patients with higher concentrations of serum CRP. The level of CRP was associated with the tumor stage, and, as stage is a prognostic factor, so can CRP be used as a prognostic maker in malignant tumors patients.